Frequency and Predictors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Adolescents Visiting a Tertiary Care Center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62497//irjcs.95Keywords:
Metabolic Syndrome, Ultrasound, Insulin Resistance, Public Health, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Adolescent, Obesity, Body Mass Index (BMI), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Triglycerides, Insulin, Ultrasonography, Sedentary BehaviorAbstract
Introduction: The condition Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects obese adolescents with considerable frequency along with metabolic syndrome. The ongoing increase in obesity demands research to reveal how often NAFLD develops within this population along with its risk factors so proper intervention can occur.
Materials and Methods: The research took place at Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) in Peshawar during a twelve-month span from January 2023 through December 2023. Two hundred participants aged between 10 and 18 years who showed obesity signs took part in the study. The demographic data was collected, together with anthropometric measurements and clinical markers, which included BMI combined with waist circumference measurements and blood pressure screening and biochemical testing of ALT alongside fasting insulin and lipid profiles. The clinical diagnosis of NAFLD depended on ultrasound examination results. Statistical tests through the combination of chi-square tests, t-tests, and binary logistic regression were conducted in SPSS version 26.0 to determine significant predictor variables.
Results: Research findings indicated that NAFLD affected 61 out of 132 (46.2%) adolescents participating in the study. Research data demonstrated that NAFLD is linked strongly to elevated BMI measurements, bigger waist circumference, and increased blood pressure levels. Patients in the NAFLD group showed elevated levels of ALT, triglycerides, and fasting insulin in their blood tests. Among the variables evaluated by logistic regression, BMI, alongside ALT and triglyceride levels, insulin measurement, and sedentary behaviors, proved to be independent predictors of NAFLD development.
Conclusion: NAFLD shows a high incidence among obese adolescents because metabolic issues together with lifestyle patterns contribute to its formation. The population with NAFLD must undergo early screening and receive intervention with lifestyle modifications to prevent persistent liver complications. Combining public health programs that fight obesity with activity programs would help decrease the extent of NAFLD in young people.
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